The provision of advanced training is also at the core of IA, with the support of teaching and research at undergraduate and postgraduate level in Astronomy, Astrophysics and Space Sciences related degrees, in particular at the Universities of Lisbon and Porto, where such degrees have more solid backing. The Doctoral networks PhD::SPACE and DAEPHYS, recently funded by the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), are examples of the commitment of IA in this area.

The Universidade do Porto, through the Faculdade de Ciências, offers training in Astronomy at the PhD level for over 30 years, hosting the largest and most comprehensive set of academic degrees in Astronomy in Portugal. The Universidade de Lisboa, through the Faculdade de Ciências, also has a long tradition of more than 20 years in the teaching of Astronomy and Astrophysics, and includes a unique expertise in the building of instrumentation for astronomical telescopes and space missions. Several PhD projects, in space sciences and technologies, completed at these Universities have a co-supervision or are double-degrees with other European universities.

The Universidade of Porto also offers an undergraduate degree and master degrees, in addition to the PhD program, all in Astronomy. The latter includes a set of courses covering topics of astronomy, training on the development of complementary skills for research and career development.

The Universidade de Lisboa offers a similar PhD program, while the undergraduate and Master degrees are offered as specializations of the physics degree. Universidade de Lisboa also covers instrumentation (for space and astrophysics) in the Integrated Master and PhD program in Physical Engineering. This training in instrumentation benefits from large optical lab infrastructures and the expertise of more than 20 years in designing and implementing optical systems for industry, space, metrology and astronomy.